Add pagination to limit the amount of data that can be returned in a single response. Add amount limiting to incoming queries. Here are recommendations specific to GraphQL to limit the potential for DoS: There is also a CS dedicated to the topic of DoS. This CS details several methods to limit the possibility of a DoS attack at the application level and other layers of the tech stack. DoS Prevention ¶ĭoS is an attack against the availability and stability of the API that can make it slow, unresponsive, or completely unavailable. For example, do not make an HTTP/resource request to a host that the user supplies (unless there is an absolute business need). When using user input, even if sanitized and/or validated, it should not be used for certain purposes that would give a user control over data flow. XML Security and XXE Injection Prevention. Many languages and frameworks have this functionality built-in.įor more information see the below pages: Choose a well-documented and actively maintained escaping/encoding library. If such tools are not available, always escape/encode input data according to best practices of the target interpreter. Using ORMs and ODMs are a good option but they must be used properly to avoid flaws such as ORM injection. Ensure that you follow the documentation so you are properly using the tool. Always choose libraries/modules/packages offering safe APIs, such as parameterized statements. When handling input meant to be passed to another interpreter ( e.g. Gracefully reject invalid input, being careful not to reveal excessive information about how the API and its validation works. To properly handle unicode input, use a single internal character encoding. A lot of times a good starting point is only allowing alphanumeric, non-unicode characters because it will disallow many attacks. The stricter the list of allowed characters the better. List allowed characters - don't use a block list. Write custom GraphQL validators for more complex validations. Use specific GraphQL data types such as scalars or enums. Validate all incoming data to only allow valid values (i.e. #Graphviz cheat sheet full
See the OWASP Cheat Sheets on Input Validation and general injection prevention for full details to best perform input validation and prevent injection. This means that user input will be included in HTTP requests, DB queries, or other requests/calls which provides opportunity for injection that could lead to various injection attacks or DoS. The main design for GraphQL is that the user supplies one or more identifiers and the backend has a number of data fetchers making HTTP, DB, or other calls using the given identifiers. Abuse of insecure default configurationsīest Practices and Recommendations ¶ Input Validation ¶Īdding strict input validation can help prevent against injection and DoS.Batching Attacks, a GraphQL-specific method of brute force attack.Abuse of broken authorization: either improper or excessive access, including IDOR.SSRF and CRLF injection/ Request Smuggling.Injection - this usually includes but is not limited to:.excessive errors, introspection, GraphiQL, etc.).
Disable insecure default configurations ( e.g.Ensure that the API has proper access control checks.Expensive queries will lead to Denial of Service (DoS), so add checks to limit or prevent queries that are too expensive.Apply proper input validation checks on all incoming data.This Cheat Sheet provides guidance on the various areas that need to be considered when working with GraphQL: Many companies use GraphQL including GitHub, Credit Karma, Intuit, and PayPal. There are GraphQL servers and clients implemented in various languages. It has gained popularity since its inception in 2012 because of the native flexibility it offers to those building and calling the API. GraphQL is an open source query language originally developed by Facebook that can be used to build APIs as an alternative to REST and SOAP. Insecure Direct Object Reference Prevention GraphQL Security Best Practices + Documentation
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